LEE HARVEY OSWALD AND RICHARD CASE NAGELL

                                                  John Delane Williams

                                                Ocean Park, Washington

 

Background on Richard Case Nagell

 

 

Richard Case Nagell was born August 5, 1930 in Greenwich, New York. Nagell never knew his father. He was placed into foster care at 4, and at 11 into an orphanage. On his 18th birthday, he enlisted in the Army and was assigned to paratrooper school. While in training, he spent his free time reading. On September 2, 1949 Nagell completed Enlisted Intelligence Specialist's School at Fort Riley.  Next he finished a Russian language course at the 525th Military Intelligence Group at Fort Bragg, April 3, 1950. Then, a Leadership School at Fort Jackson was completed in September 1950. Finally, Nagell completed Officers Candidate School at Fort Benning, with commissioning as a 2nd Lieutenant, occurring on August 1, 1951. At age 21, he became an instructor at Leadership School of the 5th infantry division in Pennsylvania. He had also taken an extension course in Mandarin Chinese from the University of California. In the Fall of 1951, he was shipped off to the Korean War. On Christmas Day 1951, he was promoted to 1st Lieutenant the same day that he received his first battle wound. Nagell proved to be a fearless fighter. A second wound took place on December 6, 1952, when hand grenade fragments struck him in the legs and in the face. On June 11, 1953 he sustained his most serious wound when fragments from a mortar or artillery shell struck him in the buttocks and face, and he received a concussion. Just as hostilities in the Korean War were coming to a conclusion, General Dunkelberg had Nagell's promotion to Captain backdated to July 15, 1953, making Nagell the youngest person ever to get a battlefield commission to Captain. While in Korea, Nagell was the only survivor of a plane crash, by quickly deploying his parachute from a low flying plane. [1]

 

Immediately after coming back to the United States, Nagell was assigned to the Army Language School in Monterey, California to study Japanese. Nagell was then assigned to the Army's Counter-intelligence Course (CIC). In mid-course, Nagell took a Thanksgiving leave to visit a girl in San Francisco. On November 28, 1954, he was returning to Fort Holabird in a B-25 Bomber, the only Army person among five Air Force personnel. The plane was approaching Andrews Air Force Base. Because of driving rain, they chose to turn the plane to Friendship Airport near Baltimore; the plane went down with Nagell the only survivor. This crash resulted in months for Nagell to be rehabilitated. He reported back to duty at the CIC training center in May 1955. In August 1955, he was designated a Counter-Intelligence Officer. In this role he would become a plain clothes man, where he would interview civilians suspected of some transgression against the military. Unfortunately, the disfigurement in his face frightened many of the persons whom he was to interview. He had a wide scar on the left side of his face and paralysis of an eyelid. His disfigurement was treated with some plastic surgery, and he was redeployed to the Far East. [2]

 

In the Far East, Nagell was working within Field Operations Intelligence (FOI) a unit within the service that was very secretive and funded by the CIA. Members of Nagell’s unit operated as special agents under the direction of the CIA. [3] It was in the Far East where Nagell first met Lee Harvey Oswald. [4] Nagell met Oswald at a German Beer Hall in Tokyo as well as at the Queen Bee bar. Russell suggested that Oswald and Nagell likely entered into a plan that involved developing a "cover" to do intelligence work against the Soviet Union. They both seemed to harbor an interest in Marxism.

 

Oswald's Touch of Success

 

Oswald's Marine experience early on was barely satisfactory, particularly with his poor shooting skills. When he started taking his Marine courses in aviation electronics things started to change for the better for Oswald. His next course, in radar operation, saw Oswald beginning to shine. At the end of the class, Oswald, after taking a battery of tests, finished 7th in his class of 30. He was designated an Aviation Electronics Operator. Oswald was then assigned to Atsugi, after a detour to El Toro Marine Base in California, where Oswald was a replacement trainee.

 

If we look at Oswald's probable state of mind, one could imagine that Oswald was feeling better about himself than he had previously experienced. When he got to Atsugi, his job had him at a base that had significant CIA involvement, he was a radar operator, among other things, monitoring U-2 flights, and apparently doing a good job. Oswald’s supervisor, Captain Francis J. Gajewski, noted in Oswald's record, six months after Oswald came to Atsugi, "As a matter of fact [Oswald] has done good work for me. I would desire to have him work for me at any time...he minds his business and he does his job well." [6]

 

The Meeting of Lee Harvey Oswald and Richard Case Nagell

 

Lee Oswald, then a private in the Marines was reported to have been to the Soviet Embassy in Tokyo, allegedly wishing to have some coins identified. Richard Nagell then sought to be introduced to Oswald; Nagell was “on loan” to the CIA. Nagell claimed that Oswald had been meeting with Colonel Nikolai Grigorievich Eroshkin. Nagell confided that he introduced Oswald to Dr Chikao Fujisawa, a person whom Nagell was trying to recruit to the CIA. Later, Nagell would determine that Dr. Fujisawa was actually already working with the KGB. [7]

 

The Queen Bee

 

The Queen Bee was a bar in Tokyo. It catered to patrons who had significant money to spend. It was one of the three most expensive nightclubs in Tokyo. It catered to elite clients, pilots (including U-2 pilots) and other upper grade officers and the few junior officers who had significant income beyond their military pay.  To take a girl out included not only her fee but also payment to the bar for using her time. There were several (over 100) very attractive hostesses, who typically cost between $60 and $100 for a "date". Oswald's monthly income was around $85. It would seem unlikely that he would have much success with the hostesses. The Queen Bee was yet another place that Oswald and Nagell would meet. [8]

 

Oswald told fellow Marine, David Bucknell, that Oswald had been in the bar alone when he was approached by a hostess who asked about his "top secret" work. Oswald reported the incident to his superior officer, who arranged a meeting between Oswald and a civilian (The "civilians" nearby were mainly personnel from the CIA). The civilian told Oswald that the woman was a known KGB agent. Oswald was given money and told that he could do a service for his country by giving the woman false information about the U-2 spy plane. Using these instructions, Oswald returned to the Queen Bee and began what was to be his first love affair; Oswald fell in love with this beautiful Eurasian woman. [9]

 

Oswald began pursuing his new-found love, even bringing her back to the base at Atsugi to show his girl to his Marine buddies. To a man, this relationship amazed them. Oswald, who had little money and little else to offer. Being with such a beautiful girl, Oswald seemed far out of his league with her. [10]

 

This point in Oswald's life may have been a time when he was perhaps almost ecstatically happy; he was after all living out his dream to be a spy, and he was very definitely doing work that would count as espionage, but he also did quite well in his classes to get there. He was seen as being a valued member of the Atsugi Marine community. And very importantly, he was in love with a beautiful girl, and he hadn't even reached his 18th birthday.

 

But this was to change. Right around his birthday, he found that his beautiful girlfriend had befriended another American serviceman, a 'buck" sergeant. [11] He also heard that his unit was scheduled to ship out to the South China Sea and the Philippines. A possible Marine landing in Borneo might have been in the offing. This prospect seemed disheartening to Oswald, perhaps because he might be unable to get his girlfriend back. In any event, on October 27, 1957, just after his 18th birthday, a gunshot was heard in the barracks at Oswald's bunk. It appeared that a shot grazed his arm, and he admitted that he had shot himself. Perhaps he thought such action might send him to the hospital, and he would be able to stay back from being shipped out, and then he could go back to the Queen Bee to win back the love of his beautiful girlfriend.

 

Still, Oswald was seemingly in good stead regarding the Marines. He did ship out with the other Marines in his unit. Oswald seemed to be interested in advancing his career. He was studying to try to pass the test to be promoted to being a Corporal. He did in fact pass that test on January 15, 1958 while they were stationed at Cubi Point, in the Phillipines, their place of deployment. Also on that day, Private Martin Schrand was shot to death while on guard duty. An investigation showed that Schrand was shot by his own gun. It was not possible for Schrand to have purposely shot himself in that the gun was too long for this to occur. It was surmised that Schrand accidentally dropped the gun and it discharged. [12] Persons wishing to involve Oswald as a shooter in the assassination of President Kennedy, to bolster the idea somehow that Oswald would have a propensity to violence, to justify claiming him as the assassin, tried to implicate Oswald in this shooting of Private Schrand. No evidence for Oswald to be involved in Private Schrand's death was to be found.

 

Back at Atsugi, Oswald's shooting of himself in October 1957 wasn't going away. Had the gun used been a military issue, the incident could have simply been an accident. In fact, Oswald reported that he shot himself with a military issue .45 caliber automatic pistol. The bullet that wounded him was a .22 caliber pistol, which was his own gun that he was not authorized to have. Having an unauthorized firearm on base was a court-martial offense.  Oswald was court-martialed. On April 11, 1958, Oswald was convicted of having an unauthorized weapon. Oswald was reduced in rank to private, fined $50 and sentenced to 20 days at hard labor. The 20 days of hard labor was suspended for six months provided that Oswald kept out of further trouble. Being reduced in rank nullified his having passed the test to move to being a corporal. Further, his officer in charge put him on mess duty, taking him away from working with radar. Oswald was not allowed back to radar duty, even though his radar officers had requested that he be returned. [13] The officer refusing to allow Oswald to return to his duty as a radar operator was Technical Sergeant Miguel Rodriguez, who was the person who replaced Oswald as the person of interest with his Eurasian girlfriend. Oswald eventually retaliated by pouring beer on Sgt. Rodriguez, which resulted in Oswald being court-martialed and sent to the brig. [14]

 

 

A Changed Man

 

After getting out of the brig, Oswald, according to his fellow Marines, was a changed man. Oswald became cold, withdrawn and bitter. Oswald spent more time with his Japanese friends and less with his fellow Marines. Oswald apparently found a new girlfriend, one who had been a housekeeper for a naval officer.  Again, she also was seemingly out of Oswald's class. She was a Russian-Eurasian. Purportedly, Oswald asked her to help him with his learning Russian. [15]

 

Recruiting Oswald to Go to the Soviet Union

 

It was revealed at the House Select Committee on Assassination (1976) that Oswald had been recruited by the CIA when he was stationed at Atsugi to be a double-agent in the Soviet Union. This was testified to by James A. Wilcott, a CIA finance officer. Wilcott testified that he had personally handled the funding for Oswald's mission. Other CIA employees denied all knowledge of such a mission. [16] That the other CIA officers would testify that they had no knowledge of such a mission could have been true, and there still could have been such a mission. If they did have knowledge of such a plan, they could still be expected to testify otherwise, to protect the agency. [17]

 

 

 

Oswald's First Trip to Mexico City

 

Sometime in July, 1963, Oswald took a short trip to Mexico City [18]. That may have been July 25 to perhaps the morning of July 27. Oswald took a plane from New Orleans to another city. Oswald stated that he needed to get materials for The Project on this trip. He would be back to New Orleans in time for his seminar at Spring Hill College in Mobile, Alabama. [19] In Mexico City, he met Richard Case Nagell at the Luma Hotel. He reportedly also visited the Cuban Embassy. Apparently, pictures were taken of Oswald at the Cuban Embassy. While the reason for this trip was not stated by Nagell, the two went to an area where they could shoot guns at a cactus. Nagell's assessment was that "Oswald couldn't hit the side of a barn." [20]

 

 

 

 

 

 

August 23-27, 1963; A Meeting among Oswald, Nagell and Two Other Persons

 

On August 23-27, or fewer days within those dates, Lee Harvey Oswald met with Nagel and two other people in a place described as Houston. A third person at the late August meeting was "Angel" and the fourth person was not identified. [21]

 

This information on Nagell and Nagell's relationship to Oswald in Japan paints a different picture regarding the meeting that took place between August 23-27,1963 in "Houston". The location was neither Houston, nor Texas. The subject of conversation in the "Houston" meeting was the assassination of President Kennedy. The beginning of the meeting transpired in Spanish; Nagell translated for Oswald. Later the conversation proceeded in English. The name of Sergio Arcacha-Smith, a Cuban exile, came up. The name Raul came up as well ("Raul" was a cover name allegedly used by David Atlee Phillips.) Nagell surreptitiously tape recorded the meeting. [22] As a final note on this incident, it should be pointed out that neither John Armstrong nor Judyth Baker have any indication of the whereabouts of Lee Harvey Oswald ( “Harvey" to Armstrong) for the dates in question (August 23-27, 1963) for this meeting. [23].

 

The New Orleans Project

 

Dr. Alton Ochsner was the Director of the New Orleans project, and Lee Harvey Oswald played an important role in the project. Dr. Ochsner had been the Chairman in the Surgery Department at the Tulane University Medical School. He also founded the Ochsner Clinic in 1942. He was credited with being one of the first scientists to document the relationship between smoking and lung cancer. He wrote several books on the subject, and was the President of the American Cancer Society in 1949. [24] Dr. Ochsner was a prolific scholar. He had 584 published articles, many of them with co-authors. Of these articles, there were 135 different co-authors. The person most often a co-author was Ochsner's best student, Michael DeBakey, who co-authored 71 of the articles. DeBakey is remembered for developing several medical devices and procedures. He co-developed with Robert Jarvik the first artificial heart. [25]

 

The year 1956 brought the end of Alton Ochsner's Chairmanship in Surgery; the claim was made that he was spending so much time at his clinic, he was not properly addressing his chair duties. Ochsner fought this decision bitterly, but to no avail. In 1961, Ochsner was subject to mandatory retirement at the Tulane Medical School; though Ochsner fought the process, he was unable to get around this obstacle. [26]

 

Ochsner was, in 1963, an even more complex man. Ochsner had become an adamant anti-communis; like many of his wealthy Southern patients, his politics could be described as being right-wing. While he had earlier been involved with the FBI in classified research activities, they allowed Ochsner to conclude his relationship with them (in 1959) in order to work with another government entity (most likely the Central Intelligence Agency). [27]

 

The year 1959 (On January 1) was the beginning of the Fidel Castro regime in Cuba. As Castro moved closer to the Soviet orb, various government agencies were working on means to remove Castro from power. The project had as its purpose removing Fidel Castro from power in Cuba. As we now know, several other groups were working toward the same objective, albeit with different means of accomplishing that outcome. The rationale behind enlisting Dr. Ochsner and his team of medical scientists would clearly be in the medical arena. It would seem likely that they would be enlisted in developing a biological weapon to incapacitate Castro. Perhaps considered were either a poison or infecting him with a disease that would quickly disable him. As it happened, Dr. Ochsner and his associates were proficient working with cancer and its cure. Perhaps they could change their direction to developing a fast acting cancer, and coincidentally, also learn how to stop it. It's just that, in Castro's case, the last part wouldn't be necessary.

 

It is known through the testimony of CIA Director Stansfield Turner that the CIA funded 159 medical research centers to do classified medical research. It is highly likely that one of these centers was Alton Ochsner's facility. [28] It was shown by Haslam that Ochsner's team had access to a particle accelerator. [29] In most cases, the information on the particle accelerator had to be meticulously documented, but apparently not for secret covert research being conducted through the CIA. [30] In fact, Haslam has gone to great lengths to show the existence of a particle accelerator in New Orleans, and the likely relationship that the accelerator was involved in the mysterious death of Ochsner’s close associate, Dr. Mary Sherman. Prior to Haslam's research, the existence of a particle accelerator (LINAC) was covered up. [31] It is most likely that the particle accelerator was already installed prior to the beginning of the project. Dr. Ochsner received millions of dollars in donations from right-wing oil millionaires who despised both John F. Kennedy and Fidel Castro.

 

The project, (The New Orleans Project) was brought into existence within a week after Attorney General Robert Kennedy approved removal of Fidel Castro from Cuba, likely with extreme prejudice (assassination). This approval came in March 1962. With this came the approval of using the already functional linear accelerator. Undoubtedly several such projects were approved to such an end. The major planners were Dr. Ochsner and Dr. Mary Sherman, with some inclusion of David Ferrie. As they developed the plan, Numerous colonies of mice were to be raised, with little or no knowledge of the plan to be known by the mice's caretakers. A group of mice would be injected with cancerous materials, which originated from monkeys that had the SV40 virus, a virus that infected some of Jonas Salk's monkeys in developing his polio vaccine. The viruses (there may have been other viruses beyond SV40 in the monkeys) were then subjected to the LINAC, then injected into mice and then placed in the care of another set of handlers until the mice were deemed harvestable. Those mice with the largest tumors were then sacrificed, their most aggressive tumors removed, and then the tumors were put into a blender to create a material from which the virus mix and selected cancer strains could be identified and cultivated. This product would be injected into a new set of mice. This process would continue for several iterations. At a point in 1963, marmosets replaced the mice. The marmosets were then replaced by green monkeys. Eventually, the developed biological weapon would be injected into a "volunteer", to test the efficacy of the weapon. Given Fidel Castro's well known habit of smoking cigars, it would seem plausible that Castro's cancer was due to his smoking. [32] A more complete description of this process is given in Baker [33]

 

 Oswald’s Meeting with Richard Case Nagell in New Orleans   

 

“In September 1963, ”Laredo” (a code name unknown to Oswald) met with Oswald in Jackson Square in New Orleans where both were photographed.” [36] “Laredo” was a code name for Richard Case Nagell. This probably occurred shortly before September 17, as Nagell departed New Orleans on September 17. [37] This meeting was at the discretion of Nagell. Presumably, Nagell wanted to know more about Oswald’s future motives. Nagell had been given the job of killing Oswald at the behest of the KGB; the CIA had “loaned” Nagell to the KGB. To Nagell, this involved murdering an American citizen at the request of a foreign government, which he would not do on U.S. soil. It could take place in Mexico when Oswald went there later in the month. [38]

 

Nagell was not the most forthright person in relaying pertinent information; Dick Russell was able to pick out the codename “Laredo” as -being a codename for Nagell himself in the previous paragraph. Thus, we do not know precisely what Nagell and Oswald spoke about in New Orleans; Nagell reported that Oswald denied involvement with plots against President Kennedy. Nagell also reported criticizing Oswald for attempting to interfere with the revolution in Cuba. What we do know is that Oswald was directed to get a 15 day Visa to Mexico, which Oswald applied for on September 17. [39] By inference we know the decisions Nagell made in relation to their meeting. Nagell entered the conversation with the possibility of killing Oswald in Mexico; his decision was to not only not kill Oswald, but Nagell also would deliberately commit a crime a few days later, guaranteeing that he would be in jail/prison when Oswald was in Mexico, and if President Kennedy would be assassinated, be in jail/prison at that time. Also, Nagel would send Oswald $500 and plane tickets to get to Mexico. [40]

 

This would suggest that Nagell supported Oswald’s assignment in Mexico. One might consider that Oswald gave some information to Nagell about his efforts in New Orleans, and his role in delivering the bioweapon for the elimination of Fidel Castro, hopefully thereby ending planning for the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.

 

   Another Oswald Impersonator  

 

An interesting detail was later revealed probably emanating from Nagell:

“Leon Oswald, Male, Caucasian, American, 24-26, 150 lbs., 5’ 9”. Alive on September 14 or 15, 1963. Not alive after September 19, 1963.” [41] This information was not elaborated on, but one of the Lee/Leon Oswald impersonators apparently was eliminated. Russell was unable to determine just how it related to Nagell, but it does add to the number of Oswald impersonators.

 

Nagell in El Paso, September 20, 1963

 

On September 20, 1963, Nagell drove around the streets of El Paso, perhaps trying to decide exactly what he would do. Nagell parked his Ford Fairlane in an alley near the post office, by a “No Parking” sign. He had written three letters, one to Desmond Fitzgerald, then Chief of the CIA Cuban Task Force, and previously, from 1957-1962, Chief of the CIA Far East Division. A second, and nastier letter went to an unnamed CIA official at the Langley Headquarters; the third letter was to Lee Harvey Oswald, which contained five $100 bills, and an airline ticket to Mexico City. Later, Nagell Indicated that the FBI was aware of this letter. [42] In the week prior to this, Nagel had sent a letter to F.B.I. Director, J. Edgar Hoover, warning him of a planned assassination against President Kennedy [43] In a letter written in 1974 to lawyer Bernard Fensterwald, Jr., in replying to Fensterwald’s question, “Why did Oswald take the bus to Mexico City, instead of the plane to Mexico in an effort to ‘make a few bucks’ ”. Nagell responded, that he had “… cause to believe that he (Oswald) was never given, or did not receive, the five hundred dollars.” [44]

 

Nagell mailed the three letters at the downtown post office. Nagell then walked across the street to the State National Bank and shot two bullets into the wall. In that Nagell had threatened no one and did not attempt to rob the bank, he presumed that he would be charged with only a misdemeanor. He then casually left the bank, went to his car, and waited to be arrested. Finally, a young policeman, James Bundren arrived and asked, “Why did you try to rob a bank?” Nagell replied, “I didn’t know there had been a robbery.” Nagell left several clues about what he was doing; he said his actions would keep anyone from following him. Nagell also stated, “All my problems have been solved for a long time, and now I won’t have to go back to Cuba.” [45]

 

Nagell would be right about his last statement. However, instead of being charged with a misdemeanor, Nagell found that firing a gun in a bank was a felony. He was to spend several years in prison. Finally, he was released from Leavenworth Federal Prison on April 29, 1968. [46]

 

Re-addressing the meeting in New Orleans between Oswald and Nagell, it can be remembered that Nagell was deciding what he might do with regard to Oswald, in that he had been given the assignment of eliminating Oswald, which Nagel would only consider outside the United States, if at all. We know that Nagell not only removed himself from having any possibility of eliminating Oswald, we can infer from Nagell’s castigating Oswald for being involved with a plot against Castro, and yet attempting to fund Oswald’s trip to Mexico, that, all things considered, given the direction that Oswald might go, trying to avoid the assassination of President Kennedy was preferable to saving Castro, if those were the only choices available.

 

The Curious Relationship of the Teenager and the Grizzled Veteran

 

The foregoing described relationship between a 17 year-old Marine and a 26 year old veteran who had already crammed in seemingly multiple lifetimes by the time of their first meeting.  What attracted Oswald to Nagell? Russell opined “In a way, Oswald may be seen as a younger alter ego of Richard Nagell. Their life paths are so similar it is eerie: Both from broken homes, both military men who were students of Marxism, both walking down the perpetually winding corridors of American and Soviet Intelligence agencies both caught up in a conspiracy to assassinate the president of the United States.”  [47] Another possibility is that Nagell may have had tasks for Oswald to complete, perhaps in an apprenticeship in spying. [48]

 

The Deaths of Oswald and Nagell

 

Oswald’s death was witnessed by perhaps millions of television viewers on Sunday November 24, 1963 in his shooting by Jack Ruby. Though not widely reported, Jack Ruby had known Lee Harvey Oswald since Oswald was a young boy, through Dutz Murret, an associate of Carlo Marcello, and an uncle to Oswald. [49] Nagell died unnoticed for several days, found in a bathroom in his apartment in Los Angeles, dying of an apparent heart attack on October 1995 at age 65. [50]

Notes:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                

1. Russell, D.(2003). The Man Who Knew Too Much, New York: Caroll & Graf Publishers., pp. 42-45.

2. ibid., pp. 46-51.

3. Victor Marchetti telephone conversation with Dick Russell, January 28, 1977, in Russell, p. 51.

4. Russell, pp. 71-72. 

5. ibid., pp. 81-82.

6. Gajewski, cited in Epstein, E.J. Legend-The Secret World of Lee Harvey Oswald. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 68.

7. Russell, pp. 71-72.

8. ibid., p.76.

9. Russell, pp. 76-77.

10. Epstein, p. 12.

11. ibid., p. 72.

12. ibid., pp. 75-76.

13. ibid., p.73-78.

14. ibid., p. 78.

15. ibid., pp.82-83.

16. Benson, (2002). Encyclopedia of the JFK Assassination. New York: Checkmark, p. 199.

17. Weisberg, H. (1974). Whitewash IV: JFJ Assassination Transcript. Frederick, MD: Author, p.62.

18. Russell, pp. 237-248. Judyth Baker wrote in an email (July 11, 2017) that she thought this trip to Mexico might have occurred during August 5-9, 1963.                                                                            19.Baker (2010) p. 414.

20.Russell, pp. 237-241.

21. Russell, p.275.

22. ibid., p.275.

23. Armstrong, J.A. (2006) Harvey & Lee: How the CIA Framed Oswald. Arlington TX: Quasar; Baker (2010) 

24.Wilds, J. & Harkey, I. (1990). Alton Ochsner: Surgeon of the South. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, pp. 177-187.

25. ibid.

26. ibid.

27. Haslam, E.T. (2007). Dr. Mary's Monkey: How the Unsolved Murder of a Doctor, a Secret Laboratory in New Orleans and Cancer-Causing Monkey Viruses are Linked to Lee Harvey Oswald, the JFK Assassination and Emerging Global Epidemics. Walterville, OR: Trine Day, p. 182.

28. ibid., p. 181.

29. ibid., pp. 243-272. .

30. ibid., p. 245.

31. ibid., pp. 243-271.

32. Baker, J.V. (2014). Ferrie: Mafia Pilot, Participant in the Anti-Castro Bioweapon Plot, Friend of Lee Harvey Oswald and Key to the JFK Assassination. Walterville, OR: Trine-Day, pp. 185-199.

33. Baker (2010).  Me & Lee: How I Came to Know, Love and Lose Lee Harvey Oswald. Walterville OR: Trine Day, pp. 207-211.

34. Russell, p. 282.

35. ibid., pp. 282-283

36. ibid., p. 282.

37. ibid., p. 286. Oswald went to the Mexican Consulate in New Orleans sometime before noon on September 17, 1963 to obtain a tourist permit. He used his birth certificate, rather than his passport to obtain the tourist permit. He was directly behind William George Gaudet in line. Gaudet was a New Orleans based CIA agent.

38. ibid., p. 286.

39. ibid., p. 288. Russell obtained this from New Orleans District Attorney James Garrison’s files on Richard Case Nagell. p. 290.

40. Letter from Richard Case Nagell to Bernard Fensterwald, Jr., August 26, 1974, quoted in Russell, p. 290.

41. Russell, pp. 288.

42. ibid., p. 290.

43. ibid., p. 242.

44. ibid., p. 290.

45. ibid., pp. 291-292.

46. ibid., p. 418.

47. ibid., p. 464.

48. Personal communication with Dick Russell, November 22, 2019. See also Williams, J.D. (2019). Lee Harvey Oswald, Lyndon Johnson and the JFK Assassination. Walterville, OR.: Trine Day.

49. Baker (2010), p. 236.

50. Russell, pp. 450-453.

 

Published in The Dealey Plaza Echo, July 2020, 23, 1, 15-19