The Girl on the Stairs-Was Oswald Even at the Sixth Floor at the Time of the Assassination?

                                 The Girl on the Stairs- Was Oswald Even at the Sixth Floor

                                              at the Time of the Assassination?

                

                                                      John Delane Williams

There is a good chance that the reader might not be familiar with the author of The Girl on the Stairs, Barry Ernest. [1] Yet he has been involved in pursuing the assassination since 1967, when he was a student at Kent State University. Like a lot of us fellow travelers researching the assassination, he was attending to his day job and living his life. Arguably, his interest in the assassination probably helped abbreviate his first stint in college. He entered the Navy, served as a radar man, and then, more deliberately, returned to college at Point Park College in Pittsburgh, studying journalism. He then worked at newspapers in New York, Syracuse, and York, Pennsylvania, where he was an investigative reporter and a feature writer. Eventually, he became a press secretary and director of communications for the State of Pennsylvania. He still lives in Harrisburg.

 

At Kent State, his JFK journey began when a classmate asked him, "Hi, I'm Terry. Why is it that you believe in the Warren Report?" [2]

 

As Ernest tried to explain his then conviction, his classmate, and soon to become a friend, challenged him to look more deeply into the issue. Terry left behind a copy of a Playboy magazine, turned to an interview of Mark Lane. Ernest's reading of the article resulted in his missing his logic class. Ernest's solution to this class-cutting was to go to a bookstore and buy Lane's Rush to Judgment. [3] In Lane's making mincemeat out of the Warren Report, Ernest read about a witness named Victoria Adams.

 

When Ernest returned the magazine, Terry again asked him if he still believed the Warren

 Report. Ernest's reply was still in the affirmative, but with new questions about Victoria Adams. Terry continued to give Ernest more assignments on pursuing the trail of the assassination. [4]   

 

This reportage style, wherein Barry Ernest reflects on his thoughts at a given point in time, together with a chronological approach to his writing, is used. Ernest was given a gift in having excellent tutors. He had a long standing relationship with Harold Weisberg, and also with Penn Jones. Early on, Ernest settled on pursuing the place of Victoria Adams in regard to understanding more fully the JFK assassination. In that he chose to pursue information on Victoria Adams, it is interesting to note that he neither confirmed that she was living or dead until 2002, some 35 years after he began his journey. Not only did he eventually find her alive, she was willing to help him in his pursuit of truth.

 

Who Was Victoria Adams?

 

Victoria Elizabeth Adams was born in San Francisco. She was abandoned by her parents at 11, and became a ward of the state. She had several foster families. She attended and graduated in 1959 from Presentation High School, a Catholic school for girls in San Francisco. In high school, she worked part-time as a writer for the Monitor, a San Francisco Catholic newspaper, which is where her foster father at the time worked. Upon high school graduation, she entered the Ursuline Order as a novice in St. Martin, Ohio.  After a two-year novitiate, she taught sixth grade at Catholic schools in Atlanta and Dallas. She lost her fervor for Catholicism and did not wish to continue teaching in Catholic schools. She went to work with the Scott Foresman book company as an office-survey representative at the Texas Schoolbook Depository in Dallas. [5]

 

 She was working there on November 22, 1963, watching the presidential motorcade with three other employees, Sandra Styles, Elsie Dorman (who was recording the motorcade with a movie camera), and Dorothy Ann Garner, from a fourth floor window. Their view was obstructed by trees when they heard something like a firecracker. Then Victoria Adams walked down the only staircase with Sandra Styles. Both were in their high heel shoes. They walked down the stairs to the first floor. No one was noticed nor sounds of other persons were heard on the staircase. They proceeded toward the back entry where they encountered a large black man on their way out. Victoria Adams mentioned to him that she thought the president may have been shot. They went out the back entry, going no more than 20 feet when they were stopped by a policeman.

 

They then went to the front of the building, where they heard a police broadcast coming from a radio on a policeman's motorcycle. The radio said that the shots may have come from the fourth floor of the Texas Schoolbook Depository building. Because Adams and her co-workers had been on the fourth floor, she became apprehensive. Adams saw a man at the corner of Houston and Elm Street that she would later realize was Jack Ruby. Styles re-entered the building first, with Adams re-entering shortly thereafter. In the next several months all four women were interviewed regarding their experiences and observations. The two women who went down the stairs (Adams and Styles) corroborated each other's statements. [6]

 

After being interviewed by several men, Adams was cleared to go to her apartment shortly after 2 P.M. When she got to her apartment, she sat down and wrote in detail all that she had seen and experienced to John O'Conner, who was the editor of the Monitor, the San Francisco Catholic newspaper where Adams had worked as a high school student. O'Conner never received the letter.   

 

 Among the four co-workers, only Victoria Adams was interviewed by the Warren Commission. Her interviewer was David Belin. Her reportage of the events of November 22, 1963 concurred with her statements to the FBI, with one major exception: "After the third shot, following that, the third shot, I went to the back door and encountered Bill Shelley and Bill Lovelady on the way out to the Houston Street Dock." [7]

 

This change was crucial; Shelley and Lovelady did not enter the building until 5 to10 minutes after the shooting. Were this change true, Adams and Styles would have come down the stairs too late to see or hear Oswald on the stairs. But did Victoria Adams say what she was reported as having said? As we will see later, Roger Craig's testimony was altered in significant ways. Finding the original recording or interviewing Victoria Adams would help answer this question.

 

Victoria Adams moved from Dallas to the home office of Scott Foresman in Chicago in July, 1964. She was given the chance at a transfer and she jumped at it.  But Chicago is where the trail ran cold for Ernest.

 

Some of the details in the intervening years would be revealed to Ernest when he finally made contact with Victoria Adams in 2002. She worked at Scott Foresman in Chicago for two years. She'd hoped that they would help her continue her education with some financial help; Scott Foresman was unwilling to do this. She met and married a man who lived in the suburbs of Chicago. Later, they moved to San Diego. [8] There she worked as an office manager for several surgeons. She went back to college and got a degree in general education. She then moved into real estate and continued her education, culminating in receiving a degree in business administration and achieving summa cum laude. The couple chose to take a trailer on the roads for the next six years, seeing America. They next relocated to the Seattle area, and eventually moved to Oregon, where she settled again into the real estate business. Ernest finally contacted Adams in 2002. She passed away in 2007. [9]    

 

Ernest's First Trip to Dallas

 

In March 1968, Barry Ernest made his first trip to Dallas and Dealey Plaza. He had begun correspondence with Eugene Aldridge, who had been mentioned in one of the books Ernest had read regarding the assassination. Aldridge met Ernest at Dealey Plaza and Aldridge proceeded to give Ernest a guided tour of the Plaza. Aldridge also took Ernest to Midlothian, where Ernest was introduced to Penn Jones. Jones asked Ernest to try to interview Kenneth Cody, a man whose telephone number appeared twice in Lee Harvey Oswald's notebook. Jones thought a young outsider would have a better chance of talking to Cody, whom Jones thought might have been scheduled to fly one or more assassins out of Dallas on the day of the assassination. Ernest did talk to Cody, who surmised that Oswald, whom he had never spoken to, might have copied the number down from a property that Cody was trying to sell. Cody was asked if he had a pilot's license or knew how to fly a plane. A simple "Nope" seemed to handle Jones interests. [10] Jones felt that J.D. Tippet was as much a patsy as Oswald. [11] Jones suggested that Ernest talk to Carroll Jarnagin, a lawyer who claimed he saw Oswald and Jack Ruby talking at the Carousel Club. Jarnagin was very concerned with becoming a victim of those that were eliminating assassination witnesses, and was too afraid to impart any information.[12]

 

A productive meeting occurred with Roy Truly, Superintendent of the Texas School Book Depository building. Though Truly refused Ernest's request to see the stairs, Ernest went there anyway, unbeknownst to Truly. Oswald had told the police that he had been eating his lunch on the first floor lunchroom, then going up to the second floor to get a drink, where he was encountered by Officer Marion Baker. Could it be possible that Oswald was telling the truth? [13]        

 

An interview was conducted with S.M. Holland, a supervisor for the Union Terminal Railroad, who witnessed the motorcade with perhaps the best view of it from the overpass.  Holland reported four shots, including one from behind the fence on the knoll. [14] Carolyn Walther, who saw two men in the sniper's nest, was questioned by the FBI, but not the Warren Commission. She passed by Abraham Zapruder on the fateful day, and heard Zapruder say that President Kennedy was shot in the forehead, from the front. Walther ended with, " I know what I saw and I know what I heard. And it's not what the government is telling us how it happened." [15] Ernest's first trip to Dallas seems quite productive. One discordant note was that he still had no leads on trying to track down Victoria Adams.

 

 

The National Archives and Meeting Harold Weisberg

 

Ernest began going to the National Archives in his search for Victoria Adams. Initially, his friend Terry accompanied him. One day, they were allowed to watch the Zapruder film several times. Later that night, Terry said, "I've grown tired of it. We're never going to know the truth anyway. That film [the Zapruder film] proved it." [16]

 

Ernest continued on in his search for Victoria Adams. One day at the National Archives, he saw someone he thought he knew; then he realized he knew him from the pictures on his books. It was Harold Weisberg. Weisberg said, "Gary (Schoener) told me you might be here. He speaks highly of you. Pull up a chair and we'll talk a bit." [17]  Weisberg asked Ernest to  make copies of certain materials and send them to him, in care of Jim Garrison's address. Ernest complied with Weisberg's request the following day.

 

A Second Visit to Dallas

 

Dropping out of college at the time of the Vietnam war was an invitation to the draft board to send a draft notice. Ernest avoided this fate by enlisting in the naval reserves. In July 1968, he was scheduled to enter the navy in the next month. He went to Dallas, on an assignment from Weisberg. Weisberg wanted Ernest to inquire about files and pictures that were still in Sheriff Bill Decker's possession. Decker blew him off. A second visit was made to Carroll Jarnagin. Jarnagin was adamant that the person he saw talking to Ruby WAS Oswald.

 

Next, arrangements were made to meet Roger Craig, a former deputy sheriff who saw Oswald get in a green station wagon minutes after the assassination. When questioned about the "car" Oswald got into, Oswald replied, "That station wagon belongs to Mrs. Paine--don't try to drag her into this." [18] Deputies confirmed a green station wagon was parked at the Paine's address. It appears this information wasn't consistent with the information the Warren Commission was seeking. Craig told Ernest that when he read his testimony in the Warren Commission report, his testimony was significantly altered; among the changes was that the color of the station wagon was changed from green to white. [19] Ernest got to see how the police treated Craig. Craig was stopped for allegedly running a red light. Ernest interjected that he had been watching the lights, and Craig had gone only through green lights. Then the police checked Ernest's drivers license, and questioned him. Eventually, the police let Craig go, this time. [20] In his search for Victoria Adams, there were no new leads.  

 

Going into the Navy

 

Ernest's "hobby" of researching the JFK assassination did not please the military. Ernest was asked by Weisberg to look for JFK's official death certificate. Ernest had written both the Department of Defense and the Bethesda Naval Hospital in hopes of finding the certificate. Both responded that they could not locate the document. Copies of both letters also ended up with the Office of Personnel. His entry into the navy was expedited to the next day, to an aircraft carrier docked in Portsmouth, Virginia. He found ways to continue his search in the Archives, and by chance, found the misplaced death certificate for JFK, signed by Kennedy's personal physician, Rear Admiral George Burkley. Ernest surmised that after reading the death certificate, it was clear that Burkley had placed the shot in the back much lower than had been reported by the autopsists. A copy was made; Ernest had succeeded in this assignment from Weisberg. [21]

 

Upon getting out of the navy, Ernest went to college at Point Park College, where he majored in journalism, got married, started a career in journalism; in short, he was getting a life. He did follow the House Subcommittee on Assassinations. (HSCA) Ernest sums up his efforts in 1981:

 

                "Victoria Adams, was lost, my efforts to find her fruitless and wasted.

                 There were no leads. At this point, I had lost my focus, perhaps even my

                 determination. Maybe Terry was right after all. I began to wonder if any of

                  this was really worth it anymore. Then, when I stopped wondering, I quit." [22]

 

Getting Back in the Saddle

 

The hoopla related to the release of the Oliver Stone film, JFK (1991), brought new interest in the assassination, and Ernest's occasional newspaper articles and radio appearances gave rise to him being asked to lead discussion groups on the topic, though his new efforts would be less frequent due to his job responsibilities.

 

Ernest began going back to the National Archives again. In May, 1999, Ernest made a discovery regarding Victoria Adams in a letter to J. Lee Rankin, General Counsel for the Warren Commission, dated June 2, 1964. In the letter, Martha Joe Stroud, Assistant United States Attorney under Barefoot Sanders, was forwarding corrections of Victoria Adams testimony given to David Belin. Stroud also stated that, "Mr. Bellin (sic) was questioning Miss Adams whether or not she saw anyone as she was running down the stairs. Miss Garner, Miss Adams supervisor, stated this morning that after Miss Adams went downstairs, she (Miss Garner) saw Mr. Truly and the policeman come up." [23]

 

That letter pinpointed the time of Victoria Adams and Dorothy Styles going down the stairs quite closely, it also appeared to lend credence to Oswald's alibi that he was in the lunchroom during the assassination, and not on the sixth floor. Ernest went to see Harold Weisberg to tell him about his findings. Weisberg told Ernest that it was time for him to write a book about his search for Victoria Adams. [24]

 

A Third Trip to Dallas

 

Ernest's third trip to Dallas occurred in October 1999, some 31 years since his last visit. He found Dealey Plaza to be somewhat of a circus. Included in the performers was Robert Groden, hawking his books from a cardboard table. Some hucksters were selling JFK papers, and others were doing "tours" of Dealey Plaza to naive visitors with money. He met with Joe Cody, a nephew of Kenneth Cody. Joe Cody was a retired policeman, who had been friends with Jack Ruby from around 1950. Ironically, Cody had purchased a handgun, and gave it to Ruby (though it was still in Cody's name). It was the gun that Ruby used to murder Oswald. This set of circumstances was embarrassing to Cody within the police department.

 

James Leavelle had interviewed Victoria Adams back in 1964. Leavelle vaguely remembered interviewing her, but said her statement wasn't germane to what they were looking for. They were looking for information that would prove Oswald guilty. Ernest went to visit Gary Mack at the Sixth Floor Museum. Mack showed him the film that Elsie Dorman filmed from the fourth floor window, standing with Veronica Adams, Sandra Styles, and Dorothy Garner. This film would have shown what Victoria Adams would have seen on that fateful day. The film was jumpy, and ended when trees interfered with the vision of the motorcade. [25]

 

Finding Victoria Adams   

 

 On February 2, 2002, Larry Roberge, a friend of Ernest's, following a lead, e-mailed a potential Victoria Adams to ascertain if she was the person Ernest was looking for. It indeed was the correct Victoria Adams! [26] The next day, Ernest e-mailed Adams, explaining his efforts and interest in pursuing the truth in her story.

 

Victoria was then 61 years old and living on the West Coast. Reflecting back on her time in Dallas, Ms. Adams (her now preferred name) stated, "Still, I saw what I saw and my testimony apparently didn't fit what the government wanted. That is too bad. Repeatedly I had asked that my testimony be confirmed by another witness who was with me part of the time, but I was basically blown off." [27]

               

James Leavelle showed up at her new apartment (she'd only moved in the day before, and the apartment was in her roommate's name) asking to interview her. When she said that she had already been interviewed by the police several times, Leavelle indicated that their records had been destroyed by a fire. The whole thing seemed bogus (there was no fire), and Adams had informed no one of her new address. Only by following her would they know where she lived. [28]

 

Later she was questioned in Dallas by David Belin. He did an "off the record" dry run of the questions he would ask during the recorded testimony. Victoria Adams was told to answer the questions exactly as she did in the "off the record" session. At the end of the session, Belin asked if she had anything to add. To his surprise she said yes, and added that she had seen Jack Ruby in front of the Texas Schoolbook Depository right after the assassination. A transcript was later delivered to her office for her corrections. None of her corrections appeared in her final published testimony. Neither did she say that she saw Bill Shelley and Bill Lovelady, nor did it appear in the transcript that she corrected. [29]

 

In a later interchange, Ernest asked Ms. Adams about the Martha Joe Stroud letter where Stroud stated that Dorothy Garner saw Roy Truly and Office Marion Baker come up the stairs after Victoria Adams left. Ms. Adams stated, "Miss Garner corroborated what I know I did and when I did it." [30]

 

When asked about her speaking to Bill Shelly and Bill Lovelady before exiting the building wherein Adams had mentioned to them President Kennedy might have been shot, she replied that she did say that to a fairly large black man who she thought was a warehouse worker. In regard to Bill Shelley and Bill Lovelady, she emphasized, "They weren't there." [31]

 

The interview with Leavelle that occurred at her apartment also had the Shelley-Lovelady interaction. She stated that this was an insertion and not part of her answers. Ms. Adams stated,"...if I didn't see them, why would the police put that in there? Is this why the police lied to me about a fire, so they could interview me again?" [32]

 

Also, the statement at the end of her Warren Commission testimony had the indication that she had waived her rights to reviewing her testimony. Clearly, they sent someone to bring a typescript to her to review her statement. If she had waived her right to review them then that was unlikely to have happened. Ms. Adams summed this up by stating, "I suspect my testimony has been doctored, but I had no proof since I had no copy of the original." [33]

 

Sandra Styles

 

Fortunately, contacting Sandra Styles was much easier than finding Victoria Adams. Knowing that she graduated from Baylor University, Sandra Styles Butler was listed as an alumna. After contacting the University, within a few hours, Ernest had her address, telephone number, and e-mail address.  Ernest called  her on February 13, 2002, and asked her when she and Miss Adams left the fourth floor window. She replied, ‘I don’t remember any more.” [34]

 

Ernest then said, "Mrs. Butler, please think hard. Do you remember whether you actually saw Kennedy’s car go into the overpass?" [35]

 

She answered, "No, I don’t remember that at all. That was when we left." [35]

 

She mentioned that no one was heard on the back stairs. A few  people were milling around on the first floor; one was a black man. When asked if she saw Shelley and Lovelady there, she thought they may have been in front of the building with the other employees. [36]

 

When told that Miss Adams testified that she saw Shelley and Lovelady on the first floor, Mrs. Butler replied, “I can’t imagine why Vicky would have said that--if she did. They definitely were not there.” [37]

 

After Ernest spoke with Sandra Styles Butler, he contacted Victoria Adams again. She was not surprised by Mrs. Butler’s comments. Ms. Adams was happy that for the first time someone had talked with both her and Sandra and uncovered the truth. [38]

 

Ernest and Adams remained in contact for the next six years. She died of cancer on November 15, 2007, less than two months after informing Ernest of her condition. [39]

 

Mrs. Garner

 

Barry Ernest self published an earlier version of The Girl on the Stairs in 2011. Later in June 2011, Ernest spoke with Mrs. Garner. Mrs. Garner and the other three employees, Sandra Styles, Victoria Adams, and Elsie Dorman, were watching the presidential motorcade from a fourth floor window of the Texas Schoolbook Depository. Mrs. Garner told the FBI that she remained on the fourth floor until approximately 2:30 P.M. Mrs. Garner replied that the girls (Miss Styles and Miss Adams) left immediately to go down the stairs. After the girls went downstairs, she (Mrs. Garner) went to  a storage area by the freight elevator and the stairway where she could see the activity in both the elevator and the rear stairway. Mrs. Garner was asked if she had seen Lee Harvey Oswald come down the stairs after Miss Adams and Miss Styles went down the stairs. She answered, “No, I don’t remember that. I don’t remember seeing him at all that day--except on TV.” [40]

 

Another Trip to the National Archives

 

Ernest went back to the National Archives to examine once again the testimony of Victoria Adams. He found that two versions of her testimony then existed. One version, apparently the one he saw in 1968, had no corrections, nor any other ink marks, but now had an inked signature,  with Victoria Adams' name affixed. This version was declassified from Top Secret twice, first on November 21, 1967, and a second time on February 9, 2011, coincidentally two months after the Stroud letter was revealed in Ernest’s self published version of The Girl on the Stairs. The second version was unsigned without corrections, with  a somewhat different form of "Top Secret" on it. Ernest also wished to examine the official stenographer’s tape. Ernest put in a formal request to see the tape. Three weeks later, Ernest received a reply from the National Archives, in which they indicated the tape could not be located. [41]

 

A Criticism of Ernest

 

One sentence in the book seemed totally out of place in a book that could be seen an exoneration of Oswald for being one of the persons shooting at the president: “And the first thought that hit me was why, why in  the world would Oswald wait until the presidential limousine turned the corner on Elm to shoot his victim?” [42] After ostensibly showing that Oswald was not on the sixth floor, but in the lunchroom, why then put him back there? It would have been more responsible to have used “a potential shooter” rather than “Oswald”.

 

What Does Ernest’s Book Tell us?

 

The immediate point that is made is that Lee Harvey Oswald was most likely on either the first or second floor of the Texas School Book Depository, and thus not on the sixth floor, at the time of the assassination. We know this from the interviews with the three women, Victoria Adams, Sandra Styles Butler, and Mrs. (Dorothy Ann) Garner, together with the letter by Martha Joe Stroud sent to J. Lee Rankin, General Counsel for the Warren Commission, on June 2, 1964.

 

A second point that is made is that, at some level, changes were made in Victoria Adams testimony. Were her testimony left as she most likely gave it, together with the statements of the other two women, Sandra Styles and Mrs. Dorothy Ann Garner, and the Martha Joe Stroud letter, placing the blame for the assassination on Oswald and no other person would have been patently absurd. The unmistakable conclusion would seem to be that persons either on the commission, but more likely, staff members, deliberately made changes in the evidentiary material that facilitated errors in the findings of the Commission. One likely reason for the introduced errors was “saving the appearances”. [43] The appearances saved by the Warren Commission were that a lone gunman was identified, there was no need to consider a conspiracy, and all was well with our government. The truth needed to be covered up to save these appearances. By using an advocacy approach to their research efforts, necessarily a case was built against Oswald. American jurisprudence relies on an adversarial process to attempt a just decision. But the Commission did not allow an advocate for Oswald in the proceedings (Mark Lane volunteered to be the advocate for Oswald, later writing  Rush to Judgment.) [44]

 

A third point that can be made relates to the question, why would a shooter pass up a point blank shot, such as would have been the case for a shooter in the "sniper's nest" on the sixth floor? Ernest suggests and many others have concurred, that the shot was passed up because a crossfire would have been a likely strategy. [45] Instead, I would pose an entirely new question. At the time of the assassination, were there ANY shooters on the sixth floor? How did such shooters exit the Depository? Not only was Oswald not seen or heard on the sixth floor at the time of the assassination nor shortly thereafter, nor was anyone else. No one was seen or heard coming down the stairs. The possibility is that the sniper’s nest was staged to frame a patsy. Investigating the sniper's nest on the day of the assassination was short circuited by less than adequate police procedures. We know that the paper bag was picked up and handled by the police before the police photographers had a chance to photograph it as it was when the police arrived.  The police failed to wait until Lt. Carl Day could take photographs of the undisturbed area near the window on the sixth floor. A photograph was then taken on November 25, 1963 of the reconstructed sniper's nest area. [46]

 

Notes

  1.  Ernest, B.W. (2013). The Girl on the Stairs. Gretna, LA: Pelican.

  2. Ibid., p. 31.

  3.  Lane, M. (1966). Rush to Judgment. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.

  4.  Ernest (2013). pp. 31-33.

  5.  e-mail from Barry Ernest January 27, 2014; Ernest (2013). p. 48, pp. 242-250.

  6. Ernest (2013)., pp. 38-44.

  7. Ibid., p. 39; 6H388.

  8. Ibid., pp. 61-62.

  9. Ernest, B.W.  e-mail reply to a query by J.D. Williams, 1/24/2014.

10. Ernest (2013)., pp 65-66, 71-73.

11. Ibid., p. 76.

12. Ibid., pp. 80-81.

13. Ibid., pp. 67-71.

14. Ibid., pp. 77-80.

15. Ibid., pp. 81-83.

16. Ibid., p. 98.

17. Ibid., p. 109. Curiously, I met Gary Schoener, a presenter at a workshop I attended in the 1990's. I knew that Schoener was a highly respected psychologist, but I knew nothing of his previous involvement In JFK research.

18. Ernest (2013)., p. 125.

19. Warren Report (1964). The Associated Press, p. 64.  

20. Ernest (2013). pp. 128-129.      

21. Ibid., pp. 142-143, 151-154.

22. Ibid., p. 177.

23. Mary Joe Stroud letter to J. Lee Rankin, June 2, 1964. A photocopy appears in Ernest (2013),                     p. 298.

24. Ernest (2013)., pp. 214-218.

25. Ibid., p. 227, pp. 224-234.

26. Ibid., pp. 239-240.

27. Ibid., p. 241.

28. Ibid., pp. 244-246.

29. Ibid., pp. 246-247.

30. Ibid., p. 253.

31. Ibid., p. 256.

32. Ibid., p. 256.

33. Ibid., p. 256.

34. Ibid., pp. 258-259.

35. Ibid., p. 259.

36. Ibid., p. 260.

37. Ibid., p. 261.

38. Ibid., p. 262.

39. Ibid., p. 264-265.

40. Ibid., p. 268.

41. Ibid., p. 281.

42. Ibid., p. 231.

43. Barfield, O. (1988). Saving the Appearances: A Study in Idolatry. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press..       

44. Lane, M. (1966).

45. Marrs, J. (1989). Crossfire: The Plot that Killed Kennedy. New York: Carroll & Graf.

46. Savage, G. (1993). JFK First Day Evidence. Monroe, LA: The Shoppe Press. p. 150.

 From JFK/Deep Politics Quarterly-e,2014, Vol. 1, No. 2, 3-16